The widespread use of plastic piping, particularly polyvinyl chloride (PVC), in drinking water distribution systems has raised concerns about durability and the potential release of micro- and nanoplastics into the water supply. While advances in pipe material research have identified the leaching of organic and inorganic compounds, the release of solid polymeric fragments under real-world conditions remains poorly understood. Environmental stressors such as residual chlorine, temperature fluctuations, hydraulic forces, and mechanical pressure can accelerate PVC degradation, leading to surface erosion, cracking, and the shedding of micro- and nanoplastics. This knowledge gap is especially critical for nanoplastics, which are more difficult to detect and may pose heightened risks due to their small size. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of PVC degradation under drinking water conditions using an experimental pipe loop system that replicates sustained flow in real-world networks. Both virgin and weathered PVC pipes were tested to evaluate the influence of material aging on particle release. Understanding and maintaining structural integrity as materials degrade as a part of long-term performance, safety, and environmental responsibility.
